Harshvardhan

1) ls

This basic command  Use for to see  the list of a directory.

# ls

a) To view details such as the file permissions, user and group owner, last time file was modified

# ls -l

b) Searching  filenames by using wildcards. To list files that start with the letter h, use

 # ls -l h*

2) find

The find command to find your files. The find command will search  and find directories or files that match conditions such as name, date last accessed, file size and more. It has got many abilities, and they’re all listed in the man page.

To search for files starting with the letter h recursively starting from the / root directory use the following

# find / -name h*

3) man

man stands for manual, So “man page” really means it’s manual page. Most linux commands have manual pages that describe how the command is utilized. it just for help user if you forget the use and syntax for any comand. You use it by passing a command line as an option like this

# man vi

4) vi

The editor of choice for linux users.

A) If you notice on your keyboard the letters (H,J,K,L) are adjacent to each other, which makes them ideal keys to use for

navigating this editor.
a) l (move right)
b) h (move left)
c) j (move down)
d) k (momve up)
B) YY - type in Y twice to copy a line
C) DD - type in D twice to cut a line.
D) P - type in P to paste a line.
E) :q! - quit without saving
F) :wq! - save and quit
G) :w! - save

5) cat

To view the contents of a file.

# cat filename.txt

6) more

 You can pipe the cat command into more which will allow you to view the contents one screenfull at a time.

# cat filename.txt | more

7) cp, mv, rm

For copy, move or remove a file. There’s actually three different commands for each of these functions.

A) copy

# cp oldfilename.txt newfilename.txt

B) move

# mv oldfilename.txt newfilename.txt

C) delete

# rm oldfilename.txt

chmod

This command is used for changing files permission.

# chmod +x filename

9) grep

 if you need to search for certain phrases or words in a file? And for this we can use the grep command. Say we want to search for all the occurances of the word “passwd” in a filename, we can use the following command

# grep “passwd” filename.txt

If there are matches, the lines containing “passwd” will be printed.

10) ps

using the “ps” command  you can view What processes are running under your account or in background.

# ps

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